Grammar
 |
| English Grammar |
From 5th std to B .A. / B.com / B.Sc. Students
Topic Article
Uses of Article a, an, the – omission of articles.
- Article are basically the demonstrative adjectives.
- They are determiners.
- Main function is to describe nouns.
They are definite and indefinite articles.
Indefinite article: a,an
Definite articles : the
Indefinite Article
a and an are indefinite articles. These are used for singular nouns . It means that must be a countable and singular.
नामाबद्दल अधिक माहिती सांगणारा शब्द हा विशेषण असतो . article हा सुद्धा विशेषण असतो त्यांना Determiners म्हणत असतात.
In reality there are 26 letters 20 vowel sounds and 24 consonants. It means that one letter may make more than one sound . It is very wrong to say that out of 26 letters in alphabets five are vowels (a, e, i, o, u ) and 21 are consonants. Indefinite articles can be categorised into a or an on the basis of vowel sounds and consonantal sounds .
a, e, i,o, u हे स्वर आहेत असे म्हटले जाते परंतु स्वराचे उच्चार हे इंग्रजी भाषेमध्ये वीस आहेत व व्यंजनांचे उच्चार चोवीस आहेत .
उदा.
English has 20 vowel sounds. Short vowels in the IPA are /ɪ/-pit, /e/-pet, /æ/-pat, /ʌ/-cut, /ʊ/-put, /ɒ/-dog, /ə/-about.
Long vowels in the IPA are /i:/-week, /ɑ:/-hard,/ɔ:/-fork,/ɜ:/-heard, /u:/-boot
Diphthong vowels in the IPA are /eɪ/-place, /oʊ/-home, /aʊ/-mouse, /ɪə/-clear, /eə/-care, /ɔɪ/-boy, /aɪ/-find, /ʊə/-tour.
Dipthongs meaning
Two vowel sounds that are pronounced together to make one sound, for example the aI sound in ‘fine’
Article – a
a is used before words beginning with consonantal sounds
a boy
a dog
a human being
a university – yu is a consonant sound.
a European– yu is a consonant sound
a one rupee note-W is a consonant sound.
an article
Examples
an Ox- o is a vowel sound
an umbrella -^ is a vowel sound
an Indian- I is a vowel sound
an owl- au is a vowel sound
an MP-e is a vowel sound
an MA – e is a vowel sound
an LLB-e is a vowel sound
an S.D.O.-e is a vowel sound
an Xmas- e is a vowel sound
an hour-a: is a vowel sound
The
the refers to something definite specific or particular things or unique things ex- the sun, the moon, the earth, the sky
or which are only one in the world ex the Tajmahal,
in front of the names of holy books are well known buildings
Ex the Bhagwadgita, the Bible, the Burg al Arab
- when we describe at the first time we use article a or an but the same description occure again we use the
- ex: Look , a bus is going to Nagpur, the bus hit the pole.
- The definite article the is used before singular countable nouns plural countable nouns and uncountable nouns
- ex- the pen, the boy, the book,
- The Definite article the is used used when we talked about a person all things already referred to
- वाक्यात एखाद्या नामाचा उपयोग दुसऱ्यांदा केला जातो तेव्हा त्यापूर्वी The हे उपपद वापरले जाते
- I saw a beggar at the station the beggar was very old .
- The Definite article the the is used when a singular noun is meant to represent a whole class.
- जेव्हा एखादे नाम एखाद्या गटाचे प्रतिनिधिक स्वरूपात वापरले जात असेल तर त्यापूर्वी the हे उपपद वापरतात .
- the dog is an honest animal.
- the elephant is a big animal .
- the rose is a lovely flower.
The Definite article the is used before some proper names indicating places such as river,ocean , desert, mountain ranges, island, particular book, daily (news-papers) .
नद्या , समुद्र ,आखात , बेटे ,पर्वतरांगा, विशिष्ट पुस्तके ,वर्तमानपत्रे यांच्या विशेषनाम पूर्वी द हे उपपद वापरतात .
the pacific ocean, the Ganga river, the Sahara desert, the Himalayas, the Atlantic ocean, the Andaman Nikobar, the Sudha Murty’s wise and otherwise book, The lokmat ,the Hindu etc.
आडनावा पूर्वी तो वापरत नाहीत परंतु आडनाव जेव्हा घराण्याचे प्रतिनिधित्व करते तेव्हा the हे उपपद वापरतात .
the Patil, the Deshmukh, the Joshi , the Frank .
–
the is used before the superlative adjective in superlative degree .
the हे उपपद superlative degree मध्ये Superlative adjective च्या पहिले म्हणजे विशेषणाच्या पहिले वापरल्या जाते .
she is is the the most beautiful girl in the class.
Kolhapur is the most beautiful city.
Ramnath is the Richest farmer in the village.
The Definite article the is used with ordinals
the first, the second etc
The Definite article the is used before musical instruments.
He can play the piano.
the tabla, the cango, the harmonium. etc.
खालील ठिकाणी Articles वापरल्या जात नाहीत
Omission of Articles
Before
names of Substance, abstrat nouns Pural countable nouns, proper nouns and titles, before language, names of relations, place with visit of primary function, material noun (gold) name of diseases etc.
Exercises
- …………..Yamuna is…….. tributary of the Gangas.
- He saw …..star shooting down towards ……. Earth.
- …….rich must always help……poor.
- Being……. good teacher he teaches in……best way.
- It was…….. excellent lunch. The meal cost him…… hundred and fifty rs.
- In ….. … Significant development……..world bank has decided to cut interest rates.
- My teacher is……..MA.in English and is ……… honest teacher.
- My friend has got ….. appointment in …………. television company.
- I found myself in ……..maidan and sat down on . . . . . . bench.
- He was …….. round – checked simple lad and ……. story he told us was simple too.
- ……Girls like music.
- …….Salt is ….. harmful for your health.
- …….king George,…….. Guru Nanak.
- We are learing …….. English.
- ……Man for the field.
Ans:1 – The, a ,2-a, the. 3- The, the 4-a, the 5-an, a, 6-a, the, 7-an, an,8-an, a-9-the, a 10-a, the 11–No article, 12- No article, No article 13-No article , No article, 14- – No article, 15-No article.
स्पर्धा परिक्षेच्या दृष्टीने अभ्यास करायचा असल्यास comment बॉक्स मध्ये तसे लिहा म्हणजे पून्हा सविस्तर याच विषयावर blog बनवून पाठविता येईल .
It抯 really a nice and helpful piece of info. I抦 glad that you shared this useful info with us. Please keep us informed like this. Thanks for sharing.