A noun is a naming Word.

Classification of Nouns .

1) Countable and uncountable nouns.

2) Number of Noun (Singular and Plural.)

3) Gender.(Masculine and Feminine and common gender nouns.)

It is the name of the person , a thing , a place, a group, an idea, a system, a concept, etc.

These are of two types .1) Countable 2) Uncountable.

1) Countable nouns can be divided into three parts.

1) Proper noun :- It is the name of any particular person ,place or thing. It is the name of an individual thing not a group or class.

Example:-

Name of a person -Mahesh, Satish ,Manisha , Rani .

Name of a thing: Ramayana, Bible etc.

Name of a place: Bengaluru , Chandigarh

2) Common noun: It is the name of any large group or class having similar or common characteristics.

3) Collective Noun:- It is the name of a group of a person animals or collection of things.

Uncountable Nouns: These are nouns which cannot be counted.

1)Abstract noun:- It is the name of a concept ,feeling, quality ,action or state . It cannot be touch but we can experience or feel it .

Examples :poverty ,honesty, democracy , employment etc .

2) Material noun : It is the name of the material from which the thing is made. It may be liquid ,solid or gas etc .

Examples :paper ,cement ,wood , gold etc.

Number of Noun

1) Singular : if a noun stand for one thing it is called a singular noun. example :table ,chair ,book , school etc.

2) Plural: If a nour stands for more than one thing it is called a plural number or noun .example :chairs, tables ,pens etc.

1) To to make regular nouns plural add -S at the end .

cat-cats

house- houses

2) if a the singular noun ends in – s, -ss, -ch ,-X, or – z add -es at the end to make it plural. ex- gas-gases, loss- losses, dish -dishes, bench- benches, tax- taxes.

3. In some cases , Singular nouns ending in – s or – z require that you double the -s or – z prior to adding the – es for making the plural. ex- buzz – buzzes , gas – gasses.

4) If the noun ends in- f or – fe the f is often change to – ve before adding the -s to form the plural version.

ex. wife – wives, wolf – wolves, calf- calves, thief-thieves.

5) if a singular noun ends in -y and the letter before the – y is a consonant change, the ending to ies to make the noun plural.

ex-city- cities, puppy-puppies, lady-ladies, army- armies

6) If the singular noun ends – y and the letter before the y is a vowel, simply add an – s to make it plural.

Ex -boy -boys

ray-rays

7) If the singular noun ends in 0, preceded by a consonant, add -es to make it plural.

ex- Potato-Potatoes, tomota – tomatoes, hero – heroes, mango-mangos

8) Ifthe singular noun ends in-00 , io, -eo, -yo, -0 preceded by a consonant, add an -s to make it plural.

ex- photo-photos, piano-pianos, bamboo – bamboos, stereo-stereos

Irregular Plurals

There is no set rule for making them plural. Some generalization can be made.

1) Some nouns become plural by changing the ending to en.

ex- Child -children, man – men, ox- oxen

2) Some nouns become plural by changing 00 to ee

ex- foot-feet, goose-geese, tooth-teeth.

3) Some nouns become plural by replacing -ouse with ice.

ex -louse- lice, mouse-mice

4) Compound nouns are usually made plural by making the first noun part plural

ex- brother-in- law — brothers -in- law. father-in-law — fathers-in-law attorney-general- attorneys-general

5) Some nouns ending in – us are made plural by changing the – us to i.

alumnus – alumni, cactus – cacti, focus – faci, nucleus – nuclei, radius- radii, stimulus- stimuli.

6) Some nouns ending in -is are made plural by changing the-is to -es.

ex- axis- axes , basis – bases, crisis- crises. synthesis – syntheses, thesis –